2011-01-27
I had a dream this morning
2011-01-23
一月第三周总结
2011-01-16
一月第二周 总结
作为新学期的第一周,可谓天公不作美,开头不顺。
从周末晚上开始,一场大雪飘下,把整个佐治亚州都洒满了银装。
佐治亚这个美国南方的州,可是对下雪没什么准备的。别说是厚达将近六七英寸的雪了,就是一英寸的雪下来,各个学校也要听课。果然的,下雪加上雪后的继续低温,让积雪到现在也没有融尽。这也给学校的新学期的投三天带来了停课,之后的周四周五也是早上10点才上班。这对学生们来说是个好消息——谁不愿意多放假呢?
但是,雪没有挡住我跑步。
这个星期我跑步四次,两次 easy run, 一次Speed work, 还有一次long run. 加载一起,本周我一共跑了27.5英里。
因为下雪的原因,健身房没有开,我取消了力量练习的计划,代之以跑步或者休息。周五的时候我参加了一次BodyPump,作为唤醒身体肌肉的联系。从下一周开始,我就要开始跑步与肌肉训练交替进行了。
这个星期,我完成了既定的一些数据处理,并且发给了导师看。
我和David meeting 了一次,指导他进行数据处理。
我给Dr. Woods 发了信,并且计划下一周再发一次。希望能尽快的得到Onsite-interview。
本周我读了一篇paper (太少了),收集了三篇和BPD相关的paper。
本周,学会了根据已有的Brain atlas 信息制作ROI mask。
这一周在我家和好友聚会了两次,一次是我发起的,一次是青青发起的。我发起的那次是周一,从想到这个idea,到招集朋友们来家,也就两个小时。上学吃火锅,过得真快活。青发起的这次是周五时计划好,周六的。周六大家锻炼后,好好的犒劳一下自己。两次都很成功,也很高兴。
本周去了一次Korger和Trader Joe's买吃的。
我还跟玉新继续保持通信,另外有给一个大学同学冷奇和大学时认识的朋友杜哥写了信。
End notes:
本周计划做但没有做的事情是:学习Python.
下周最重要的事情是,BPD 数据处理和相关文献的阅读,整理和收集。
Generate anatomical ROI mask based on available atlas in AFNI
Here, I want to share a c-shell script I wrote last Friday (20110/11/14) . The script creates a mask which mask out all the brain regions except amygdala (amyg.), auditory cortex and Brodmann area 10. The three brain areas are the regions of interest (ROIs) of my study. The ROIs are based on the probabilistic cytoarchitectonic map called CA_N27_MPM (See Eickhoff et. al., 2006 [PDF]). This map comes with a widely used software package for Analysis of Functional NeuroImage, AFNI. And the commands used in the script are also from AFNI. The script was written to call tcsh. So, AFNI and tcshell are required. It can also work under other Linux and Unix shells if you do not have tcsh installed. Just change the first line of the script to call the shell you like. You can download the script here or copy the code below to any text editor and save as a ".sh" file. Use chmod to make it executable before you run it.
#!/bin/tcsh
#-xef
# I learned how to do this from http://afni.nimh.nih.gov/afni/community/board/re
ad.php?f=1&i=34988&t=34988#reply_34988
# Also see: http://afni.nimh.nih.gov/pub/dist/doc/program_help/whereami.html
# Qingyang Li
# 2011 01 14
#
#
# This script create 3 ROIs, Amygdala, Auditory cortex and Brodmann Area 10 (fro
ntal cortex). The there ROIs were labled as 1, 2, 3 in the resulted mask
# For BPD study, amyg. is the area of interest, Auditory is the control, BA10 mi
ght be related.
# The selection of atlas was following the sugestion by Poldrack, 2007(DOI:10.10
93/scan/nsm006)
#
echo ""
echo "22003_bpd2_stats_warped+tlrc must be availabe in the current directory with
the script, or it won't finish"
echo
echoecho "#### Step 1: create anatomical based ROI###"
whereami -mask_atlas_region CA_N27_MPM:120 -prefix 1 #amyg. CM
whereami -mask_atlas_region CA_N27_MPM:150 -prefix 2 #amyg. SF
whereami -mask_atlas_region CA_N27_MPM:215 -prefix 3 #amyg. LB
whereami -mask_atlas_region CA_N27_MPM:130 -prefix 4 #TE 1.0 Auditory
whereami -mask_atlas_region CA_N27_MPM:195 -prefix 5 #TE 1.1 Auditory
whereami -mask_atlas_region CA_N27_MPM:230 -prefix 6 #TE 1.2 Auditory
whereami -mask_atlas_region TT_Daemon:90 -prefix 7 #BA 10echo "### Step 2: combine ROIs into on file"
3dcalc -a 1+tlrc -b 2+tlrc -c 3+tlrc -d 4+tlrc -e 5+tlrc -f 6+tlrc -g 7+tlrc -expr 'step(a+b+c)+2*step(d+e+f)+3*step(g)' -prefix roi_mask_HRecho "### Step 3: resample the high resolution ROI mask"
3dfractionize -template 22003_bpd2_stats_warped+tlrc -input roi_mask_HR+tlrc -clip 0.5 -preserve -prefix roi_mask_LR # here we need a functional dataset as template (22003_bpd2_stats_warped+tlrc)
Some endnotes:
1 The BA10 is from TT_Daemon, that’s because I can not find BA 10 or prefrontal cortex in the CA_N27_MPM atlas.
2 Region of interest (ROI) analysis of functional MRI data is very common these days. The key step to carry out an ROI analysis is to generate an ROI mask. The mask is then applied to the fMRI data, raw or processed, to out put only the information from the voxels within the ROIs. Data in the voxels outside the ROIs will be masked out of the analysis. This is a great way to reduce the dimensionality of the fMRI data.
Generally speaking, there are two ways to generate ROIs. 1) The ROI is based on the functional activation map. It’s a bottom-up, data-driven approach. 2) The ROI is based on the anatomical structures. This approach need some a prior knowledge of the study. For example, if you are doing an auditory perception experiment and you are interest in brain activity in the auditory cortex, you can then create a mask to mask out unrelated brain regions and leave only auditory cortex’s data (yes, if you’re doing a real scientific experiment, you will also need another region as the control ).
To create an anatomical ROI, you can a) draw ROIs on your subject's high resolution brain image; b) output ROIs based on existing atlas. Method a) needs training: it’s not easy to eyeball brain structure if you are not trained. I myself is lack of this kind of training. The script I created is method b).
3 if you want to know how many voxels there are in each ROI, you can use 3dmaskavd command.
3dmaskave -mask roi_mask_LR+tlrc -mrange 3 3 roi_mask_LR+tlrc
The command above will tells you how many voxels are in the ROI with a value 3 in it. (change -marange 3 3 to -marange 2 2 if you want the info of the ROI with a value 2 in it)
updated on 20110117: changed the last command, add options for 3dfractionize
updated on 20110118: added end note 3
2011-01-10
小孩小孩你别馋,过了腊八就过年
现在,国内应该已经有过年的气氛了吧。
身在海外,住的地方也不是华人聚居区,因此每年春节的气氛,几乎没有。没有气氛,那就制造气氛吧。
明天是腊八。我的记忆中,腊八就是过年的开始。
当我还是小孩子的时候,每到腊八,妈妈就会让我和妹妹一起帮忙剥蒜。剥蒜的事情我经常干,只是今天不同,除了需要剥很多之外,还要格外小心不能把蒜弄破了,弄伤了。还要把那些本身就有伤的挑出去。妈妈说,做腊八醋的蒜必须要白净,是不能有伤的。
蒜剥好了,白白胖胖的一大堆。妈妈找一个玻璃瓶子,通常是装糖水罐头的那一种广口瓶,把这些蒜都装进去。蒜们挤在一起,好不热闹。然后妈妈就开始往里面到醋。我看着那褐色的液体慢慢上升,试图把所有的蒜们都隐藏在自己的帷幕之内。不过还是有蒜露出小脸儿来,透过玻璃瓶子望着我。妈妈把瓶口密封,拧紧,放到窗台上,说:“这些蒜会变绿,等到他们全都绿透了的时候啊,就过年啦!”
接下来的日子,我和妹妹就会时不时的跑到窗台望一眼,蒜果然在变绿,更绿,完全绿…… 嗯,等等,我并没有注意到蒜们是什么时候完全绿的。接近过年时太多好玩的东西,我的注意力都被吸引走了。我猜蒜们是在我跟小伙伴们一起放鞭炮的时候变绿的吧,一定是……
再次见到蒜们,是大年夜。年纪小,守岁守的哈欠连天,连饺子出锅时震天的鞭炮也没能提起我的兴趣。饺子上桌,腊八醋也在小碟子中被端上来了。碟子中还有绿色的蒜。啊,腊八蒜!我几乎就要伸手去抓了,却被长辈的眼神制止。是哈,年夜饭的饭桌上,还是不要造次了。 夹了一颗,尝了一口,辣,还蒜,口水一下就流出来了。再看看剩下的那一半蒜,真的,连里面也是绿的,而且,是碧绿。真是,又好吃又好看。
年夜饭的饺子,是旧岁的最后一餐,也是新年的第一顿饭。这顿饭,年年是素饺子,腊八醋。腊八醋不仅仅是佐料,它就是年的一部分。
这个周末,我和青青到了超市买了醋和蒜。昨天虽然不是腊八,但我们已经等不及,做好了一瓶。青青问我,这个放在那里呢?我说,窗台。
我从青青手中接过腊八醋,放到窗台上时,忽然想起了妈妈说给我的那句童谣:小孩小孩你别馋,过了腊八就过年… …